A present suggests Louis is under his mistress’ spell as wily enemy William of Orange taunts him by flaunting insider knowledge of … [130][131], William's primary achievement was to contain France when it was in a position to impose its will across much of Europe. William of Orange is the stadtholder of Holland and the mastermind behind Rohan's rebellion against King Louis. 2-feb-2018 - William of Orange played by George Webster in Versailles season 2. William's young protégé, Keppel, aroused more gossip and suspicion, being 20 years William's junior, strikingly handsome, and having risen from the post of a royal page to an earldom with some ease. Good Angel, Bad Angel : During a particularly bad episode during his Crisis of Faith , he imagines former mistress, his sister in-law Henriette as his good angel, and current mistress Madame de Montespan as his bad angel. [82] In December 1689, one of the most important constitutional documents in English history, the Bill of Rights, was passed. [120] Furthermore, Louis XIV alienated William III by recognising James Francis Edward Stuart, the son of the former King James II (who died in September 1701), as de jure King of England. [37] The presence of a large French army in the heart of the Republic caused a general panic, and the people turned against De Witt and his allies. I96I 39. william of orange stock pictures, royalty-free photos & images. View Video. Season 2 of Versailles focuses on increasing tensions at court as the nobles have numerous feuds against each other as well as with the king. Don’t you think? Looking up the 17th century tulip varieties was highly enjoyable; his other flowers are nasturtiums, which symbolise ‘conquest’ or ‘victory in battle’. The duality of Versailles and Louis is a fascinating focus for a story, but one that cheats on the history a bit. Take a look behind the scenes of Versailles’s second season through this 9-part series. She died in 1694. [72], James at first attempted to resist William, but saw that his efforts would prove futile. [98] As a result, William began to prefer the Whig faction known as the Junto. Philippe i, duke of Orléans. Even though he loses forces on one front, he continues the fight because he had a ‘vision from God that I kill a man in battle’. They get nowhere on a truce. [35] In return, William would ally the Republic with England and serve Charles's interests as much as his "honour and the loyalty due to this state" allowed. Focus Dianthus … King William of orange CARRICKFERGUS, NORTHERN IRELAND - APRIL 20: King William of Orange 11 September, 2017 at Carrickfergus. [38], Johan de Witt had been unable to function as Grand Pensionary after being wounded by an attempt on his life on 21 June. I have absolutely NO CLUE why I thought it was 1670… maybe one of the cast members in an interview? White or transparent. William's death meant that he would remain the only member of the Dutch House of Orange to reign over England. [59], In 1685, when James II succeeded Charles, William at first attempted a conciliatory approach, at the same time trying not to offend the Protestants in England. [135] Long Island itself was also known as Nassau during early Dutch rule. For the Dutch Republic, 1672 proved calamitous. Next in the line of succession was Mary II's sister, Anne, and her issue, followed by any children William might have had by a subsequent marriage. [39] When William refused, Arlington threatened that William would witness the end of the Republic's existence. [120] Unilaterally, he willed all Spanish territories to Philip, the Duke of Anjou, a grandson of Louis XIV. Rosalind K. Marshall, 'Mackenzie, Anna, countess of Balcarres and countess of Argyll (c.1621–1707)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Oct 2006, Troost, 27. [75], William summoned a Convention Parliament in England, which met on 22 January 1689, to discuss the appropriate course of action following James's flight. The year is 1674, and on the great Escalier des Ambassadeurs, in Versailles, Louis XIV is welcoming the Grand Condé, who has just defeated William of Orange in the battle of Seneffe. Louis finally goes to war with the Dutch this week. Sweatpants & TV | Versailles, Season 2, Episode 7 – “A Night”. - Stadtholder of Utrecht The conflict over royal and parliamentary power had led to the English Civil War during the 1640s and the Glorious Revolution of 1688. Sweatpants & TV | Versailles, Season 2, Episode 6 – “The Sands of Time”. [110], During the 1690s rumours grew of William's alleged homosexual inclinations and led to the publication of many satirical pamphlets by his Jacobite detractors. Episode 6 . - Stadtholder of Zeelans William of Orange III was the original owner of the palace along with his wife, Mary II of England. Only Versailles is now about as sexy as ... is trying to chat Sir William from Londres into persuading King Charles to join France in the invasion of Holland as William of Orange … Louis, who landed in the exact same monastery as his enemy, starts negotiations with Holland’s newest leader, William of Orange. Take a look behind the scenes of Versailles’s second season through this 9-part series. King Louis XIV of France and Holland’s William of Orange glare at one another from opposite ends of a dining table. To prevent the restoration of the influence of the House of Orange, De Witt, the leader of the States Party, allowed the pensionary of Haarlem, Gaspar Fagel, to induce the States of Holland to issue the Perpetual Edict. [76] William felt insecure about his position; though his wife preceded him in the line of succession to the throne, he wished to reign as king in his own right, rather than as a mere consort. The Spanish Armada counted 130 ships and 25,000 men, Davies, 614–615. This "William I of Orange", in English better known as William the Silent, became the founder of the House of Orange-Nassau. Back in Blighty, William of Orange has turned up to chat Charles II into reneging on whatever deal he cooked up with Henriette. [54], By 1678, Louis sought peace with the Dutch Republic. Episode 5. [135] Though many alumni of Princeton University think that the town of Princeton, New Jersey (and hence the university), were named in his honour, this is probably untrue, although Nassau Hall, the college's first building, is named for him. GEORGE WEBSTER. [82] Normally, the coronation is performed by the Archbishop of Canterbury, but the Archbishop at the time, William Sancroft, refused to recognise James's removal. His marriage with Mary had not produced any children, and he did not seem likely to remarry. William's fleet was vastly larger than the Spanish Armada 100 years earlier: approximately 250 carrier ships and 60 fishing boats carried 35,000 men, including 11,000 foot soldiers and 4,000 cavalry. Members of this House had served as stadtholder of Holland and the majority of the other provinces of the Dutch Republic since the time of William the Silent (William I). His mother was the eldest daughter of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland and sister of King Charles II and King James II and VII. Louis takes the field against William of Orange while the queen reigns in his stead, banning debauchery and negotiating a treaty with a sultan. Take your favorite fandoms with you and never miss a beat. Nonjurors in England and Scotland, including over 400 clergy and several bishops of the Church of England and Scottish Episcopal Church as well as numerous laymen, refused to take oaths of allegiance to William. On 14 June, William withdrew with the remnants of his field army into Holland, where the States had ordered the flooding of the Dutch Water Line on 8 June. But William manages to get under Louis skin with constant jabs of truth. Louis goes to war and confronts his opponent William of Orange. Only Versailles is now about as sexy as Robot Wars. William inherited the principality of Orangefrom his father, William II, who died a week before William's birth. Fotografia. - Stadtholder of Gelderland Thus concluded the Williamite pacification of Ireland, and for his services the Dutch general received the formal thanks of the House of Commons, and was awarded the title of Earl of Athlone by the king. [16] That year, Zuylenstein began to work for Charles and induced William to write letters to his uncle asking him to help William become stadtholder someday. France's annexations in the Southern Netherlands and Germany (the Réunion policy) and the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685, caused a surge of Huguenot refugees to the Republic. In 1677, William married his fifteen-year-old first cousin, Mary, the daughter of his maternal uncle James, Duke of York. Few had confronted the Golden Death and lived to tell the tale, but that all ended today...or did it? In 1685, his Catholic uncle and father-in-law, James, became king of England, Scotland, and Ireland. When, however, Joseph Ferdinand died of smallpox in February 1699, the issue re-opened. [107], Mary II died of smallpox on 28 December 1694, leaving William III to rule alone. [47] On 30 January 1675, the States of Gelderland offered him the titles of Duke of Guelders and Count of Zutphen. [67] Public anger also increased because of the trial of seven bishops who had publicly opposed James's Declaration of Indulgence granting religious liberty to his subjects, a policy which appeared to threaten the establishment of the Anglican Church. Snap, tough, & flex cases created by independent artists. [63], William at first opposed the prospect of invasion, but most historians now agree that he began to assemble an expeditionary force in April 1688, as it became increasingly clear that France would remain occupied by campaigns in Germany and Italy, and thus unable to mount an attack while William's troops would be occupied in Britain. Decorate your laptops, water bottles, helmets, and cars. Mary's sister, Anne, had borne numerous children, all of whom died during childhood. On 13 February 1689, Parliament passed the Bill of Rights 1689, in which it deemed that James, by attempting to flee, had abdicated the government of the realm, thereby leaving the throne vacant. Louis: And beating me on the field of battle. Versailles La Série (2015) Saison 1. The French conveniently ignored the Second Partition Treaty and claimed the entire Spanish inheritance. The Prussian prince was chosen because he could act as a neutral party mediating between the two women, but also because as a possible heir he was interested in protecting the Orange family fortune, which Amalia feared Mary would squander. [85] The Act, which restated and confirmed many provisions of the earlier Declaration of Right, established restrictions on the royal prerogative. Even though he loses forces on one front, he continues the fight because he had a ‘vision from God that I kill a man in battle’. [127] His sister-in-law and cousin, Anne, became queen regnant of England, Scotland and Ireland. The author may also have been, Van der Kiste, 105; Machiel Bosman, "De Roofkoning. Browse content similar to Episode 7. [9] [138], By 1674, William was fully styled as "Willem III, by God's grace Prince of Orange, Count of Nassau etc., Stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht etc., Captain- and Admiral-General of the United Netherlands". [90][91] Bowing to public opinion, William dismissed those responsible for the massacre, though they still remained in his favour; in the words of the historian John Dalberg-Acton, "one became a colonel, another a knight, a third a peer, and a fourth an earl. [24] To receive this honour, William had to escape the attention of his state tutors and travel secretly to Middelburg. [45], Fagel now proposed to treat the liberated provinces of Utrecht, Gelderland and Overijssel as conquered territory (Generality Lands), as punishment for their quick surrender to the enemy. [48] The negative reactions to this from Zeeland and the city of Amsterdam made William ultimately decide to decline these honours; he was instead appointed stadtholder of Gelderland and Overijssel. [5] William II had appointed his wife as their son's guardian in his will; however, the document remained unsigned at William II's death and was void. Here we go with episode nine, which means Versailles season 3 is almost over… and everything behind this sentence will be very full of spoilers. In accordance with the Treaty of Rijswijk (20 September 1697), which ended the Nine Years' War, Louis recognised William III as King of England, and undertook to give no further assistance to James II. [105], After the Anglo-Dutch fleet defeated a French fleet at La Hogue in 1692, the allies for a short period controlled the seas, and the Treaty of Limerick (1691) pacified Ireland. [51] Charles relented, and Bishop Henry Compton married the couple on 4 November 1677. [17] All pro-English courtiers, including Zuylenstein, were removed from William's company. [79] When the majority of Tory Lords proposed to acclaim her as sole ruler, William threatened to leave the country immediately. James's reign was unpopular with the Protestant majority in Britain, who feared a revival of Catholicism. [78] Philip remained king only during his wife's lifetime, and restrictions were placed on his power. [41] The people thus incited, De Witt and his brother, Cornelis, were brutally murdered by an Orangist civil militia in The Hague on 20 August. The death of her last surviving child (Prince William, Duke of Gloucester) in 1700 left her as the only individual in the line of succession established by the Bill of Rights. Mijers, Esther and Onnekink, David, eds., This page was last edited on 20 May 2021, at 19:26. BEHIND THE SCENES PART 2. [95] This "balanced" approach to governance did not last beyond 1690, as the conflicting factions made it impossible for the government to pursue effective policy, and William called for new elections early that year.[96]. Last episode, we had Jeanne engaging in criminal acts, the Chevalier having some sexy-time, Philippe being a doting son, Liselotte plotting with Colbert… and the King jumped off a cliff. If you can count on anything, it’s Danish cheese to be excellent, Aussies to be obnoxiously “AUSSIE AUSSIE AUSSIE!” at sporting events and the British tabloids to get all outraged and ‘OMG how very DARE THEY!” when it … [50] Charles wanted to use the possibility of marriage to gain leverage in negotiations relating to the war, but William insisted that the two issues be decided separately. A Protestant, William participated in several wars against the powerful Catholic king of France, Louis XIV, in coalition with both Protestant and Catholic powers in Europe. Louis, of course, hoped to divide his enemies, though they were severally … Women's Style. James's reign was unpopular with the Protestant majority in Britain. But if I were writing this series, I would have set the whole thing in Versailles too. [22] In 1660, Mary and Amalia tried to persuade several provincial States to designate William as their future stadtholder, but they all initially refused. Versailles Series 2, Episode 7 – the one with Louis in a nunnery. This event marked the end of almost fifteen years of exile for the Grand Condé, which had been designed by the king to punish "his cousin" for leading the Fronde against the monarchy. William and Mary reigned together until Mary's death on 28 December 1694, after which William ruled as sole monarch. [111] He did have several close male associates, including two Dutch courtiers to whom he granted English titles: Hans Willem Bentinck became Earl of Portland, and Arnold Joost van Keppel was created Earl of Albemarle. WARNING: SPOILERS VERSAILLES SEASON 2 I really enjoyed the negotiation scene between Louis and William of Orange. Esplora. The queen orders an inquiry and entreats Marchal to return while the king's mental distress is not alleviated by a truce and dinner with William. Louis, who landed in the exact same monastery as his enemy, starts negotiations with Holland’s newest leader, William of Orange. Check out our article on the historical accuracy of the 1st season of Versailles. 8. During the early years of his reign, William was occupied abroad with the Nine Years' War (1688–97), leaving Mary to govern the kingdom alone. Nov 5, 2017 - Sir William of Orange Versailles season 2. William III (1650–1702) was sovereign Prince of Orange from birth, Dutch Stadtholder (de facto hereditary head of state) from 1672, and King of England, Ireland, and Scotland from 1689 until his death.As his life drew towards its conclusion, William, like many other European rulers, was concerned with the question of succession to the … Posted on November 12, 2017. In November 1672, he took his army to Maastricht to threaten the French supply lines. [20] At the demand of Oliver Cromwell, the Treaty of Westminster, which ended the First Anglo-Dutch War, had a secret annexe that required the Act of Seclusion, which forbade the province of Holland from appointing a member of the House of Orange as stadtholder. A look at William of Orange and the ongoing conflict with Louis XIV. [122] As the complete exhaustion of the defined line of succession would have encouraged a restoration of James II's line, Parliament passed the Act of Settlement 1701, which provided that if Anne died without surviving issue and William failed to have surviving issue by any subsequent marriage, the Crown would pass to a distant relative, Sophia, Electress of Hanover (a granddaughter of James I) and to her Protestant heirs. Although most in Britain accepted William and Mary as sovereigns, a significant minority refused to acknowledge their claim to the throne, instead believing in the divine right of kings, which held that the monarch's authority derived directly from God rather than being delegated to the monarch by Parliament. During the crisis concerning the Exclusion Bill in 1680, Charles at first invited William to come to England to bolster the king's position against the exclusionists, then withdrew his invitation—after which Lord Sunderland also tried unsuccessfully to bring William over, but now to put pressure on Charles. [80], The House of Commons, with a Whig majority, quickly resolved that the throne was vacant, and that it was safer if the ruler were Protestant. Upon William's return to England, his close friend Dutch General Godert de Ginkell, who had accompanied William to Ireland and had commanded a body of Dutch cavalry at the Battle of the Boyne, was named Commander in Chief of William's forces in Ireland and entrusted with further conduct of the war there. William was the only child of William II, Prince of Orange, who died a week before his birth, and Mary, Princess of Orange, the daughter of Charles I of England, Scotland, and Ireland. [103] England joined the League of Augsburg, which then became known as the Grand Alliance. William of Orange is the stadtholder of Holland and the mastermind behind Rohan's rebellion against King Louis. From early 1659, William spent seven years at the University of Leiden for a formal education, under the guidance of ethics professor Hendrik Bornius (though never officially enrolling as a student). Aug 6, 2017 - This Pin was discovered by Nanette Gilligan. [77] It was, however, provided that "the sole and full exercise of the regal power be only in and executed by the said Prince of Orange in the names of the said Prince and Princess during their joint lives". In reality, Versailles wasn’t the main royal residence until 1682, and would only have been occupied for a couple of months at a time. William was succeeded by his second son Maurits, a Protestant who proved an excellent military commander. He nonetheless scored a brilliant victory over William of Orange at the Battle of Cassel on 11th April 1677, one of the defining engagements of the Franco-Dutch War. Mary wanted to name him Charles after her brother, but her mother-in-law insisted on giving him the name William (Willem) to bolster his prospects of becoming stadtholder. "[115] This, he said, was "tarnishing a reputation which has never before been subject to such accusations". Louis XIV is mentioned aplenty, but not seen; rather, we come to meet, finally, and in-person, the English Charles II, uncle to William and uncle also to William… Women's Fashion. [128] He was William's closest agnatic relative, as well as grandson of William's aunt Henriette Catherine. Over the next 57 years Jacobites pressed for restoration of James and his heirs. Known for preferring his male favourites to his wives, more at home in Paris than at Versailles, he won a famous military victory over William of Orange in 1677. The Dutch East India Company build a military fort in Cape Town, South Africa, in the 17th century, naming it the Castle of Good Hope. Explore. The coat of arms used by the king and queen was: Quarterly, I and IV Grand quarterly, Azure three fleurs-de-lis Or (for France) and Gules three lions passant guardant in pale Or (for England); II Or a lion rampant within a double tressure flory-counter-flory Gules (for Scotland); III Azure a harp Or stringed Argent (for Ireland); overall an escutcheon Azure billetty a lion rampant Or. [74] William is the last person to successfully invade England by force of arms. On 16 July, Zeeland offered the stadtholdership to William. Inside Versailles… Ireland was controlled by Roman Catholics loyal to James, and Franco-Irish Jacobites arrived from France with French forces in March 1689 to join the war in Ireland and contest Protestant resistance at the siege of Derry. William and Louis XIV agreed to the First Partition Treaty (1698), which provided for the division of the Spanish Empire: Joseph Ferdinand, Electoral Prince of Bavaria, would obtain Spain, while France and the Holy Roman Emperor would divide the remaining territories between them. luglio 2020. [23] William saw all this as a defeat, but the arrangement was a compromise: De Witt would have preferred to ignore the prince completely, but now his eventual rise to the office of supreme army commander was implicit. The one with Versailles’ Season 2 sexy bits. [116] Thus deprived of French dynastic backing after 1697, Jacobites posed no further serious threats during William's reign. [124] Because his horse had stumbled into a mole's burrow, many Jacobites toasted "the little gentleman in the black velvet waistcoat". Guillaume D’Orange / William of Orange. [41] Subsequently, William replaced many of the Dutch regents with his followers.[42]. Versailles is a French historical fiction drama Canal+ original television series, set during the construction of the Palace of Versailles during the reign of Louis XIV, that premiered on 16 November 2015 on Canal+ in France and on Super Channel in Canada, in May 2016 on BBC Two in Britain, and on 1 October 2016 on Ovation in the US. Lesley Gayle. As the horse began to gallop it stumbled on a molehill and fell throwing William who broke his collarbone, with ultimately fatal consequences. He wants to talk. After the death of René in 1544, his cousin William of Nassau-Dillenburg inherited all of his lands. William's decision to grant the Royal Charter in 1694 to the Bank of England, a private institution owned by bankers, is his most relevant economic legacy. [141] After their accession in Great Britain in 1689, William and Mary used the titles "King and Queen of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, Defenders of the Faith, etc. [14] In her will, Mary requested that Charles look after William's interests, and Charles now demanded that the States of Holland end their interference. On 23 December 1660, when William was ten years old, his mother died of smallpox at Whitehall Palace, London, while visiting her brother, the recently restored King Charles II. [58] Nevertheless, William secretly induced the States General to send Charles the "Insinuation", a plea beseeching the king to prevent any Catholics from succeeding him, without explicitly naming James. William's mother showed little personal interest in her son, sometimes being absent for years, and had always deliberately kept herself apart from Dutch society. "[90], William's reputation in Scotland suffered further damage when he refused English assistance to the Darien scheme, a Scottish colony (1698–1700) that failed disastrously. Supported by a group of influential British political and religious leaders, William invaded England in what became known as the Glorious Revolution. George Webster was born on July 28, 1991 in Eastbourne, England. A closer look at the history behind Versailles. However, King Frederick I of Prussia also claimed the Principality as the senior cognatic heir, his mother Louise Henriette being Henriette Catherine's older sister. Tipi Di Fotografia. [87] William sent his navy to the city in July, and his army landed in August. Under William III's will, John William Friso stood to inherit the Principality of Orange as well as several lordships in the Netherlands. The five bastions were named after William III's titles: Orange, Nassau, Catzenellenbogen, Buuren and Leerdam. The young Dutchman, contending for power, remains Louis’ main rival in Europe. In 1700 William and Louis XIV agreed to the Second Partition Treaty (also called the Treaty of London), under which the territories in Italy would pass to a son of the King of France, and the other Spanish territories would be inherited by a son of the Holy Roman Emperor. Charles II suggests William marry his niece, Mary. [14] This first involvement of the authorities did not last long. Mary was eleven years his junior and he anticipated resistance to a Stuart match from the Amsterdam merchants who had disliked his mother (another Mary Stuart), but William believed that marrying Mary would increase his chances of succeeding to Charles's kingdoms, and would draw England's monarch away from his pro-French policies. Louis XIV and William III, 16o89-Io697 ... and Scottish adherents of William of Orange, usurper of the crowns of England and Scotland.2 William, on his part, was at first determined to secure not only his own recognition, but also to ... Wien und Versailles 1692-1697 (Munich, 944). [17] After his mother's death, William's education and guardianship became a point of contention between his dynasty's supporters and the advocates of a more republican Netherlands. [40] On 15 August, William published a letter from Charles, in which the English king stated that he had made war because of the aggression of the De Witt faction. A Protestant, William participated in several wars against the powerful Catholic King of France, Louis XIV, in coalition with Protestant and Catholic powers in Europe. He residences at the Palace of Noordeinde, in The Hague. Fotografia Francese Vintage .. Uomini Bellissimi. William's lack of children and the death in 1700 of his nephew Prince William, Duke of Gloucester, the son of his sister-in-law Anne, threatened the Protestant succession. Armed with wine instead of weapons, William has very little interest in fighting. [133], William endowed the College of William and Mary (in present-day Williamsburg, Virginia) in 1693. There were more Tories in the House of Lords, which would not initially agree, but after William refused to be a regent or to agree to remain king only in his wife's lifetime, there were negotiations between the two houses and the Lords agreed by a narrow majority that the throne was vacant. Get up to 50% off. [29] Charles found his nephew to be a dedicated Calvinist and patriotic Dutchman, and reconsidered his desire to show him the Secret Treaty of Dover with France, directed at destroying the Dutch Republic and installing William as "sovereign" of a Dutch rump state. [71] James's support began to dissolve almost immediately upon William's arrival; Protestant officers defected from the English army (the most notable of whom was Lord Churchill of Eyemouth, James's most able commander), and influential noblemen across the country declared their support for the invader. Louis takes the field against William of Orange while the queen reigns in his stead, ... an inquiry and entreats Marchal to return while the king's mental distress is not alleviated by a truce and dinner with William. William: Ever since I was a child I dreamt of meeting you. Series 2; brand. [56] This led William III to join various anti-French alliances, such as the Association League, and ultimately the League of Augsburg (an anti-French coalition that also included the Holy Roman Empire, Sweden, Spain and several German states) in 1686. https://versailles-tv.fandom.com/wiki/William_of_Orange/Gallery The motto represents the House of Orange-Nassau, since it came into the family with the Principality of Orange. William III of England and the Spanish Succession. [b][3] Baptised William Henry (Dutch: Willem Hendrik), he was the only child of Mary, Princess Royal, and stadtholder William II, Prince of Orange. and Scottish adherents of William of Orange, usurper of the crowns of England and Scotland.2 William, on his part, was at first determined to secure not only his own recognition, but also to reduce France to the frontiers of I648 and i659, a reduction that was one of the aims of the Grand Alliance of I689. [62] That month, to gain the favour of English Protestants, William wrote an open letter to the English people in which he disapproved of James's pro-Roman Catholic policy of religious toleration. Select from premium William Of Orange images of the highest quality. [119] This arrangement infuriated both the Spanish, who still sought to prevent the dissolution of their empire, and the Holy Roman Emperor, who regarded the Italian territories as much more useful than the other lands. William III (1650–1702) was sovereign Prince of Orange from birth, Dutch Stadtholder (de facto hereditary head of state) from 1672, and King of England, Ireland, and Scotland from 1689 until But four years later on from Henriette’s death puts us firmly in 1674. The Palace of Versailles. [117] Charles II accepted the nomination of Joseph Ferdinand as his heir, and war appeared to be averted.[118]. Upon his death in 1702, the king was succeeded in Britain by Anne and as titular Prince of Orange by his cousin, John William Friso.
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