26.1). Medial meniscal extrusion: Detection, evaluation and clinical implications European Journal of Radiology, Vol. This study found that extrusion progressed in 96.3% of the knees analyzed and that mean extrusion increased significantly from 3.3 ± 1.1 to 5.5 ± 1.8 mm over a mean follow-up period of 1.7 ± 1.6 years. The medial and lateral menisci vary in size, attachments and load transmission, and the medial meniscus is more susceptible to injury. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2018.03.007. Eur J Radiol 102:115–124. We studied 328 knees from 235 participants that were randomly selected from the Osteoarthritis Initiative Cohort. evaluating painful knee joint following a trauma and found to have meniscal injuries, 24(60%) showed medial meniscal tears alone,12(30%) showed lateral meniscal tears alone and 4(10%) both medial and lateral meniscal tears on MRI. To evaluate kinematic changes in menisci and tibiofemoral joint spaces in extension and flexion using asymptomatic volunteers using a wide-bore 3-T closed MRI system. Postoperative IKDC, Activities of Daily Living, and Activity Rating Scale scores averaged 88, 94, and 7.7, respectively. Whether preradiographic lesions in knees at risk for osteoarthritis are incidental versus disease is unclear. Medial meniscal root tears are more frequently ... Foundation of Clinical Practice. Twenty-four patients who underwent MM posterior root repair were retrospectively reviewed. Change in meniscal tears shares risk factors with knee OA and is independently associated with worsening knee pain and structural damage suggesting that meniscal tears are on the knee OA causal pathway. Objective: The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of atelocollagen on MMRR using the modified Mason–Allen stitch when compared with that of the conventional pullout repair by assessing the clinical and radiological outcomes. Medial meniscal extrusion: Detection, evaluation and clinical implications. could be destructive for knee joint at long term. Approximately half were the adult offspring of subjects who had a knee replacement performed for knee OA and the remainder were randomly selected controls. Assess the impact of knee joint loading on meniscal extrusion in normal individuals and those with varying degrees of osteoarthritis (OA). 1 Please help EMBL-EBI keep the data flowing to the scientific community! A literature search was performed using MEDLINE/PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and EMBASE databases. Knee varus malalignment increases MME. Illustration of an anatomic two-tunnel transtibial medial meniscus posterior root repair. The medial meniscal extrusion in groups A and R decreased by 0.2 ± 0.1 mm and 0.1 ± 0.3 mm following MMRR without significant differences (p = 0.056 and p = 0.229, respectively). During biomechanical testing, the mean absolute meniscal extrusion at baseline was 1.5 ± 0.6 mm. Medial meniscal extrusion in patients >50 years old may be associated with a meniscal “stretch” injury due to degeneration of the meniscus without a meniscal tear detectable on arthroscopy. However, meniscus extrusion was not reduced. The actual distance the medial meniscus extruded relative to the bony landmarks was recorded in millimeters as absolute extrusion. Medial meniscal extrusion is complex, but there is a relative consensus in the literature that once present, extrusion tends to progress rapidly. These findings suggest that such lesions represent early osteoarthritis, and add support for a paradigm shift towards investigation of intervention effectiveness at this stage. Pathologic meniscal extrusion subjects the knee to excessive load transmission; rendering it susceptible to injury. In this article, the authors elucidate meniscus kinematics and the value of quantifying medial meniscal extrusion (MME). Approximately, half were adult offspring of subjects who had undergone knee replacement for OA and the remainder were randomly selected controls. For these reasons the management of meniscal tears changed dramatically over the years, from aggressive toward more conservative strategies. Multimodality imaging features and implications of MME in various knee joint pathologies are discussed. Lateral meniscus root tear associated with ACL injuries. Methods: Atelocollagen application during MMRR yielded lower IMSIs, suggesting better healing, than did conventional pullout root repair. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. The aim of this study was to describe the correlation between changes in structural abnormalities assessed on MRI and change in radiographic osteoarthritis (OA) over 10 years in a midlife cohort. Medial meniscal extrusion (A, blue line) was measured as the distance between the line connecting the medial borders of the femur and tibia (red line) and the outermost border of the medial meniscus. All 12-month clinical scores were significantly improved compared to preoperative scores.Conclusions 23% had medial meniscus tears and 16% had lateral meniscus tears. Clinically, a reduction in absolute meniscal extrusion of approximately 48% was reached (1.2 ± 0.6 vs 2.4 ± 0.5 mm preoperatively; P < .001). Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Medial meniscal extrusion: Detection, evaluation and clinical implications'. European Journal of Radiology, Vol. The mean ± SD preoperative and postoperative Lysholm scores were 59.6 ± 15.5 versus 83.8 ± 13.1 (p < 0.001) and the mean preoperative and postoperative IKDC subjective scores were 59.4 ± 16.8 versus 82.0 ± 15.8 (p < 0.001). Distribution of medial meniscal tears: Only grade 3 tears were compared to grade1, and two tears do not reach up to Other causes include large radial tear (>50% of meniscal width) and large complex tears (>1 cleavage plane through the meniscus). 211 participants [mean-age 45 (26-61); 57% female] were studied at baseline, two and ten years. Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. 2 A common cause of meniscal extrusion is root tear. Objectives: While 24% had mean maximal translation differences less than or equal to 3 mm, none had side-to-side differences greater than 5 mm. Ultrasound is rarely used as a diagnostic tool for meniscal pathologies and its accuracy is operator-dependent. injuries. Patients with higher body mass index (BMI) had significantly greater meniscal extrusion that patients with normal BMI (p < 0.001). We also performed a retrospective review of 15 patients who underwent meniscotibial ligament repair with a minimal follow-up of 5 weeks (mean, 14 weeks; range, 5-35 weeks). The aim of the present study was to analyze the dynamic meniscal extrusion using ultrasound (US) examination in … This article is protected by copyright. In 849 Osteoarthritis Initiative participants Kellgren/Lawrence (KL) 0 in both knees, we assessed cartilage damage, bone marrow lesions (BMLs), and menisci on 12 month (baseline) and 48 month MRIs. However, even if these therapies reduce the medial compartmental stress, the degenerated … Lesions located in the anterior region of the lateral compartment showed less progression of cartilage degradation (6%; P ≤ 0.001). The mean value of the intra-meniscal signal intensity (IMSI) of the meniscal root based on MRI in group A was significantly lower than that in group R (p < 0.001). Multimodality imaging appearances and implications of presence of medial meniscal extrusion in different knee joint pathologies are discussed with review of the relevant literature. Poor subjective results may be related less to instability and more to pain, which may result from progressive arthritis. Knees were considered normal, near normal, or abnormal based on the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) system. The meniscal positions, meniscal floating and flounce were evaluated. Moreover, we presumed that MMRR with atelocollagen application might reduce meniscal extrusion by promoting healing. Background: MRI allows confirming and characterizing the meniscal lesion, the type, the extension, its association with a cyst, the meniscal extrusion, and assessing cartilage and subchondral bone. High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is the established therapeutic option for younger knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients by correcting lower leg alignment [ 5 ]. The root injuries were more likely to have joint line tenderness on preliminary physical examination compared with nonroot injuries (96.5% vs 58.6%, respectively; P < .001). One of the challenges with meniscal root repairs is the presence of meniscal extrusion during follow-up. found a 56% rate of medial meniscus extrusion (23, 64). The Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine. Detection of meniscus extrusion is important, given its association with cartilage loss, osteoarthritis and meniscal tears. MME was quantified on coronal sections of intermediate-weighted sequences obtained at 3T. Background: Level of evidence The volume of medial meniscus (MM) extrusion at 10° and 90° knee flexions using three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and assessed relevant clinical outcomes at 1-year follow-up were evaluated. Background Menisci play an important role in knee kinematics. According to the current literature, MMPRT repair resulted in significant improvements in the post-operative clinical subjective scores compared with the preoperative status. Based on these results, repair results in favourable outcomes for MMPRT. The AUROC for predicting progression of knee pain, medial compartment and medial tibial cartilage damage were 0.71, 0.70 and 0.72; the individual thresholds for MME were 2.5 mm, 2.7 mm and 2.8 mm, respectively. MRI is the most accurate and less invasive method for diagnosing meniscal lesions. Subchondral BMLs in the lateral compartment were evaluated on the latest MRI scans. In the anteroposterior direction, meniscal extrusion was most frequently seen in the anterior horn of the medial menisci (100 %) in extensions (maximum 6.04 mm). Subchondral BMLs on postoperative MRI scans were associated with graft extrusion after lateral MAT. Only subchondral BMLs that occurred after that time point were counted. In terms of meniscal root healing, 18 (72%) and 12 (54.5%) patients had complete healing, and 6 (24%) and 8 (36.4%) patients had partial healing in groups A and R, respectively. Cartilage lesions located in the central region of the medial compartment showed more rapid progression of cartilage loss than cartilage lesions in the anterior and posterior portions of the medial compartment. The widths of the medial and lateral tibiofemoral joint spaces and coronal tibiofemoral angles were measured. Extrusion was seen more often in medial than lateral root tears (66.7% vs 21.7%; P = .008). in patients aged 30 years and older. Conclusions Conclusion Postoperative clinical scores correlated with reductions of the posterior extrusion. et al. The role of meniscal root pathology and radial meniscal tear in medial meniscal extrusion. Definition – avulsion of the meniscal insertion to the tibia, or a radial tear of the meniscus that is located within 1cm of the insertion.. 102. Meniscal extrusion greater than 2.2 mm (sensitivity, 84%; specificity, 81%) and 2.8 mm (sensitivity, 73%; specificity, 85%) was associated with unsatisfactory (poor/fair) Lysholm and IKDC subjective scores, respectively. Their unique anatomy allows them to channel forces generated during knee movements through the larger tibio-femoral condylar surfaces while simultaneously resisting deleterious hoop stresses. Pre- and post-operative data were pooled to investigate the effects of MMPRT repair, including the Lysholm score improvement, meniscal extrusion (mm) reduction, progression of the Kellgren–Lawrence (K–L) grade, and cartilage status according to the Outerbridge classification. Loaded and unloaded groups were compared using Student's t-test. One of the challenges with meniscal root repairs is the presence of meniscal extrusion during follow-up. After creation of the meniscotibial ligament lesion, the mean absolute meniscal extrusion was significantly increased (3.4 ± 0.7 mm) ( P < .001). However, ultrasound detectable dynamic extrusion is observed in normal physiological settings. Methods Although interest in medial meniscus posterior root tear (MMPRT) repair has increased, few case series have been reported. There was a dose-response association for magnitude of worsening of cartilage damage, meniscal tear, meniscal extrusion, and BMLs and radiographic outcomes, and cartilage damage and BMLs and persistent symptoms. US, which is feasible and harmless, could be considered the first exam of choice for CPPD diagnosis. The anteroposterior meniscal movement was the greatest for the anterior horn of the medial meniscus and least for the posterior horn of the medial meniscus. A total of 47 patients who underwent MMRR using the modified Mason–Allen stitch between 2015 and 2016 were included, and they were divided into group A (atelocollagen application; n = 25) and group R (MMRR without atelocollagen application; n = 22). Microscopic findings of the specimens were considered the reference standard. The cohort included 87 women and 56 men with an average age of 53 years +/- 9.7 years. A single threshold of 2.5 mm was determined by maximizing the average of the product of sensitivity and specificity of the three outcome variables (knee pain progression, medial compartmental cartilage damage progression and medial tibial cartilage damage progression). Materials and methods University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center. Current options include nonoperative therapy, partial meniscectomy, and meniscal root repair. Multimodality imaging features and implications of MME in various knee joint pathologies are discussed. Purpose Knee joints were also evaluated for other pathology. Mean age was 59.6 (8.8), BMI 26.7 (4.2) and 55.9% were women. Clinical Relevance US proved to be at least as accurate as SF analysis for the diagnosis of CPPD. Meniscal flounce was frequently seen in lateral menisci in flexion with a widened lateral tibiofemoral joint space gap. Results From the extension to flexion, all medial and lateral menisci moved significantly to the lateral side. Early clinical results using this meniscotibial ligament repair technique support our biomechanical findings, as a significant reduction in meniscal extrusion was achieved. General estimating equations with logistic regression models were used to correlate baseline MME and changes in pain and cartilage damage. Ninety-five patients who underwent partial medial meniscectomy with a minimum follow-up of 5 years were retrospectively reviewed. Swamy N , Wadhwa V , Bajaj G , Chhabra A , Pandey T Eur J Radiol , 102:115-124, 06 Mar 2018 Medial meniscal extrusion is known to be related to structural progression of knee osteoarthritis. Mean follow-up duration was 26.4 ± 4.8 months in group A and 27.1 ± 5.2 months in group R (p = 0.598). Medial meniscal extrusion in patients >50 years old may be associated with a meniscal “stretch” injury due to degeneration of the meniscus without a meniscal tear detectable on arthroscopy. Swamy N, Wadhwa V, Bajaj G, Chhabra A, Pandey T. Swamy N, et al. MM posterior extrusion (MMPE) decreased significantly at 10° and 90° knee flexions postoperatively. Clinical Impact: This threshold could be used to standardize the diagnostic criteria of extrusion and to better characterize the risk for subsequent structural and symptomatic progression of knee osteoarthritis. Trajectories of mean medial fJSW and change in medial fJSW, with 95% confidence intervals (CI), were estimated using mixed models with participant and knee treated as random effects. At 90° knee flexion, the meniscus volume at the intra-tibial surface increased at 3 and 12 months postoperatively. Medial meniscal extrusion: Detection, evaluation and clinical implications. Detection of meniscus extrusion is important, given its association with cartilage loss, osteoarthritis and meniscal tears. Higher BMI and horizontal and root tears were associated with greater preoperative meniscal extrusion. This meta-analysis aimed to examine the clinical and radiological effects of MMPRT repair by pooling pre- and post-operative data from case-series reports. We hypothesised, in persons without but at higher risk for knee osteoarthritis, that: 12-48 month MRI lesion status worsening is associated with 12-48 month incident radiographic osteoarthritis (objective component of clinical definition of knee osteoarthritis) and 48-84 month persistent symptoms. The Kellgren–Lawrence (K–L) grade progressed in 16% and 22.7% in group A and group R, respectively (p = 0.351). The aim of this study was to describe the natural history of meniscal tears over 8 years and the relationship with change in knee pain and structures. Results Results We hypothesize that with appropriate window settings, meniscal extrusion may be diagnosed on radiography with high sensitivity and specificity. Presentation – medial meniscus posterior root tears typically in older individuals. 22 % of the participants had at least one meniscal tear at any site at baseline. However, no differences were observed in the Lysholm scores in accordance with the subchondral BML ( P = .248). An optimal cutoff value for meniscal extrusion associated with unsatisfactory clinical outcomes and progression of osteoarthritis was established. Treatment effects included paired standardized mean differences (difference in the pre- and post-operative mean outcomes divided by the standard deviation) for the Lysholm score and meniscal extrusion, as well as the pooled event rates of progression of K–L grade and cartilage status. Methods: Detection and quantification of meniscus extrusion is important given its association with underlying pathological processes and internal derangements such as cartilage loss, osteoarthritis and meniscal tears. However, this technique could not demonstrate beneficial effects on meniscal extrusion. All the procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the local responsible committee. Sensitivity and specificity values were 96% and 87% for US, 75% and 93% for radiography and 77% and 100% for SF respectively. The purpose of our study was to investigate MRI-based thresholds of MME that are associated with structural progression of knee degenerative disease and symptoms over a period of 4 years. BMI and presence of osteophytes at baseline, but not knee injury, predicted change in tears, whereas change in meniscal tears was independently associated with cartilage volume loss, change in BMLs and change in meniscal extrusion. (a) The torn … One hundred ninety eight participants [mean age 47 (28–63); 57 % female] were studied at baseline and 8 years later. III, retrospective case-control study. Objective: Although meniscal root tears are less common than other types of meniscal tears, they can have a significant clinical impact. Descriptive statistics were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. This study indicates that the medial meniscotibial ligaments contribute to meniscal stability as lesions cause the meniscus to extrude and that repair of those ligaments can significantly reduce extrusion. Study Design Twenty-two knees from asymptomatic volunteers were examined in knee extension and flexion using a 3-T MRI (sagittal 2D FSE T2-weighted sequence and sagittal 3D isotropic FSE proton density-weighted cube sequence). Article Google Scholar 28. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between 12-48 month worsening versus stable status and outcome (12-48 month incident KL ≥1 and KL ≥2, and 48-84 month persistent symptoms defined as frequent symptoms or medication use most days of ≥1 month in past 12 month, at consecutive visits 48-84 months), adjusting for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), injury and surgery. © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. There is limited longitudinal data available on the natural history of meniscal tears especially in middle-aged adults with a low prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA). Conclusions: However, there was no difference in clinical outcomes according to subchondral BML. All anatomical descriptions were clearly illustrated by MRI, arthroscopy, and/or drawings. Conclusion: The progression of meniscus posterior extrusion and reduction of its volume at 90° knee flexion can be suppressed by MM posterior root repair. Mean duration from surgery to follow-up MRI was 12.5 ± 1.4 months in group A and 12.7 ± 1.2 months in group R (p = 0.604). Medial meniscal extrusion was associated with knee pain and cartilage damage progression over 4 years. In conclusion, patients with preoperative meniscal extrusion of 2.2 mm or greater had unsatisfactory clinical outcomes and progression of osteoarthritis after partial medial meniscectomy at a minimum of 5 years follow-up. Meniscal extrusion typically occurs in medial meniscus, where the outer margin of the meniscal body is markedly located outside the tibial joint margin, and, typically 3 mm or more is considered as major. Significance was set at p < 0.05. The coronal tibiofemoral angle showed medial wedging in flexion, but not in extension. Swamy N, Wadhwa V, Bajaj G, Chhabra A, Pandey T (2018) Medial meniscal extrusion: detection, evaluation and clinical implications. Of these patients, 58 (18.5%) posterior meniscal root injuries were identified. Conclusion Management of meniscal root tears has recently changed. 3rd Edition. Twenty-four patients who underwent MM posterior root repair were retrospectively reviewed. Root injuries rarely occurred in isolation compared with nonroot meniscal tears (6.9% vs 17.6%; P = .021) and were frequently treated in combination with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries (86.2%). Cartilage defects and extrusion of the meniscus with respect to the tibial margin have been linked with tears of the meniscal roots [41–46]. Logistic regression analysis showed that extrusion and age were significant factors associated with subchondral BML ( P = .011 and .004, respectively). Clinical outcomes according to subchondral BML were evaluated using the Lysholm score. Each knee was tested in its native condition (baseline), after creating a detachment of the medial meniscotibial ligament, and finally with the joint capsule repaired using 3 knotless SutureTak anchors. Nayanatara Swamy | Vibhor Wadhwa | Gitanjali Bajaj | Avneesh Chhabra | Tarun Pandey Nephrotoxicity of iodinated contrast media: From pathophysiology to prevention strategies - Open access. 42 patients (14 males) were enrolled. However, it is unclear whether medial meniscal extrusion is more strongly associated with cartilage loss in certain medial femorotibial subregions than in others. Sort by Weight Alphabetically Although physiologic meniscal extrusion occurs with every knee joint movement, pathologic meniscal extrusion subjects the knee to persistent and excessive load transmission. Methods Change in JSN is correlated with change in meniscal tears and, to a lesser extent, with meniscal extrusion and cartilage defects. Results: It is reported that meniscectomy increases the risk of developing knee osteoarthritis after 10 years of about 20 % for medial meniscus and 40 % for lateral meniscus [2] (Fig. Lateral root injuries occurred more often in conjunction with ACL injuries compared with medial root injuries (84.8% vs 22.2%; P < .001). Results All rights reserved. Follow-up MRI showed progression of cartilage loss in the medial compartment in 28% and 40.9% in group A and group R, respectively (p = 0.355). Adverse effects of graft extrusion after meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) are difficult to assess and can be determined only in the long term using a simple radiograph. To assess the diagnostic performance of ultrasound (US), x-rays, and microscopic analysis of synovial fluid (SF) for calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease (CPPD) using histology as a reference standard. Load transfer, concussion absorption, lubrication, and joint stabilization are included as the main functions of the meniscus [ 21 ]. Addition of collagen during medial meniscal root repair (MMRR) may improve meniscal root healing minimising fibrous scar tissue formation. Lesions located in the central region of the medial compartment were more likely to progress to more advanced cartilage pathology (progression rate 28%; P ≤ 0.003) than lesions in the anterior (19%; P ≤ 0.564) and posterior (17%; P ≤ 0.957) regions or lesions located in the lateral compartment (average progression rate 15%; P ≤ 0.707). the medial and lateral knee compartments. However, even if these therapies reduce the medial compartmental stress, the degenerated … Using an Achilles allograft for ACL reconstruction in patients older than 30 years, we restored over 90% of knees to normal or near normal while limiting postoperative complications. Each patient underwent US of the knee, focusing on menisci and the hyaline cartilage, the day before surgery. The menisci play an important role in knee kinematics. Swamy N , Wadhwa V , Bajaj G , Chhabra A , Pandey T Eur J Radiol , 102:115-124, 06 Mar 2018 Each patient was evaluated via physical examination, functional and arthrometric testing, and radiographic and subjective outcome. Over ten years, change in meniscal tears showed a moderate independent correlation with change in both JSN (ρ=+0.37, p=<0.01) and osteophytes (ρ=+0.31, p=<0.01) in the adjusted analysis. Differences in medial meniscal extrusion between loading and unloading were significant in the entire cohort (p < 0.0001). To our knowledge, there has been no study examining the utility of diagnosing meniscal extrusion from radiography alone. Study Design High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is the established therapeutic option for younger knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients by correcting lower leg alignment [ 5 ]. Chung et al reported that meniscal extrusion was not reduced in the evaluation of 117 patients of four studies, while Feutch et al. OA was graded with the Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) system. All patients who were younger than 20 years at the time of their injury and who underwent an arthroscopy with meniscal injury were included. To investigate MRI-based thresholds of MME that are associated with structural progression of knee degenerative disease and symptoms over a period of 4 years. Knee pain was assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index. Objectives: Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed to determine the area under the ROC curve (AUROC). » The clinical diagnosis of meniscal root abnormalities may be difficult ... on coronal imaging), meniscal extrusion .3 mm outside the ... specificity of 73% for the detection of root tears. Discussion Background In primary care, meniscal tears are difficult to detect. Results: Swamy N, Wadhwa V, Bajaj G, Chhabra A, Pandey T. Medial meniscal extrusion: detection, evaluation and clinical implications. Results We enrolled consecutive patients with osteoarthritis waiting to undergo knee replacement surgery. Joint space narrowing (JSN) and osteophytes were assessed from radiographs while cartilage volume, cartilage defects and meniscal tears/extrusion were assessed from MRI. Similarly, a major difference was found between the presence of a medial meniscal extrusion and loss of medial compartment cartilage volume (−15.4 (4.1)% in the presence of extrusion v −4.5 (1.7)% with no extrusion; p<0.001). An ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) was used to analyze the variations in meniscal extrusion and the clinical and radiological outcomes. Statistic significance was defined for all calculations as p < 0.05. https://academic.oup.com/rheumatology/article/52/8/1443/1790702 When treated for an ACL, contact, or multiligament injury or meniscal extrusion, a pediatric or adolescent patient may demonstrate a meniscal root avulsion or complex meniscal tear. Hypothesis Considering the occurrence of progression of K–L grade and cartilage status, it did not prevent the progression of arthrosis completely. All patients underwent US, 34 had eligible radiographs and 32 had SF analysis. Conclusions: Diagnostic Accuracy of Sequential Arthroscopic Approach for Ramp Lesions of the Posterior Horn of the Medial Meniscus in Anterior Cruciate Ligament–Deficient Knee. INTRODUCTION: To evaluate the impact of meniscal extrusion (Ext) on knee osteoarthritis (OA) structural progression and on response to strontium ranelate (SrRan) treatment at 36 months in patients with (+) or without (-) Ext, in association (+) or not (-) with bone marrow lesions (BML) in the medial compartment using X-rays (JSW) and qMRI. In this sample, change in JSN is a composite measure that does not reflect cartilage volume loss prompting the review of the use of JSN as an outcome measure in chondro-protective drug trials. Results: A comparative analysis of root and nonroot injuries was performed. This may predispose the patient to premature osteoarthritis. The MM extrusion volume increased slightly at 10° knee flexion; however, the volume decreased significantly at 90° knee flexion postoperatively. Swamy N, Wadhwa V, Bajaj G, Chhabra A, Pandey T. Eur J Radiol, 102:115-124, 06 Mar 2018 Cited by 2 articles | PMID: 29685524. Review PurposeThe volume of medial meniscus (MM) extrusion at 10° and 90° knee flexions using three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and assessed relevant clinical outcomes at 1-year follow-up were evaluated.Methods McMurray’s test is sometimes used, though it has poor sensitivity. Only medial tibiofemoral compartment results are presented as the lateral compartment had limited change.
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